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Congenital Heart Disease-A Retrospective Study of 156 Cases in Senegal

Author(s): Idrissa Basse, Amadou L Fall, Amadou Sow, Mouhamed C Léye, Alain Affangla, Ndiaga Diakhaté, Ndiogou Seck, Lamine Thiam, Ndiémé Ndiaye, Ali Bido Sibabi, Falikou Diaby, Dj

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of congenital malformations. CHD is a real public health problem in our developing countries due to delays in diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment. The general objective of our work was to study the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic profile of CHD in a university hospital in Dakar.

Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study for a period of 3 years (1st January 2015 to 31st December 2017).

Results: During the study period, we retained 156 files with a hospital prevalence of 2.4%. The average pulse oxygen saturation of the patients was 89%. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the most frequent (45%), followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) (40%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (26%), pulmonary stenosis (16%), atrioventricular septal defect (ASD) (4%) and Tetralogy of Fallot (2%). The sex ratio was 0.89. 93.10% of the patients were aged up to 24 months (n=148) against 6.90% aged over 24 months (n=11). The average pulse oxygen saturation of the patients was 89%. Ventricular septal defect (VIC) was the most frequent (45%), followed by atrial septal defect (ASD) (40%), patent ductus arteriosus (PCA) (26%), pulmonary stenosis (16%), atrioventricular septal defect (VAD) (4%) and Tetralogy of Fallot (2%).The sex ratio was 0.89. Among the patients, 93.10% were aged up to 24 months (n=148) compared to 6.90% aged over 24 months (n=11). The average age of children was 9 months.

Conclusion: CHD are a reality in Africa, their frequencies in all reported series are certainly underestimated due to the very limited means of diagnosis.

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