Oligohydramnios and Its Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Single Centre Study

Author(s): Jinat Fatema, Tanzina Iveen Chowdhury, Bidisha Chakma, Mehera Parveen, Kamrunnahar, A. K. M Shahidur Rahman, Tripti Rani Das

Background:

Oligohydramnios refers to amniotic fluid volume that is less than expected for gestational age. Oligohydramnios is a common complication of all pregnancies and has several consequences on pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives:

This study was aimed to assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancy associated with oligohydramnios.

Methods:

This observational study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 50 pregnant women with oligohydramnios were enrolled. Data were collected by face-to-face interview. Their clinical examination and relevant investigations were done. Fetal outcomes were recorded accordingly. Collected data were analyzed following standard procedure.

Results:

In this study the mean(±SD) age of the study patients was 27.62±3.66 years. Multiparous was more common than primiparous (56% versus 44%). Of them, 60% study patients were 34-36 weeks of gestational age followed by 32% were 37-39 weeks and 8% were 40-42 weeks. Causes of oligohydramnios showed that; premature rupture of membrane (PROM) was associated with 28% study patients followed by placental insufficiency ((18%), intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) (14%), congenital anomalies (10%) and post-dated pregnancies (8%). Caesarean section rate was comparatively higher among women with oligohydramnios. Among 50 study patients only 16 patients had meconium-stained liquor which was 32%. A high rate (48.93%) of low birth weight (LBW) babies was observed among women with oligohydramnios. APGAR score was below 7 at 5 minutes among 48.93% babies, birth asphyxia and neonatal sepsis were high in babies of women with oligohydramnios. There were 5(10%) early neonatal death and 3(6%) still born.

Conclusion:

Oligohydramnios is common in multiparous. Caesarean section rate is higher among women with oligohydramnios. Low birth weight (LBW) babies are frequent in women with oligohydramnios. Birth asphyxia and neonatal sepsis are common morbidity among babies of women with oligohydramnios.