The Effect of Non-Motor Symptoms on Quality of Life of Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease Patient Attending in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh

Author(s): Pulin Bihari Dhar, Abul Kalam Mohammad Shoab, Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury, Nayeem Anwar, Rakib Hasan Mohammad, Niloy Ranjan Roy, Shubharthi Kar, Md. Ahasan Habib

Background:

Non-motor symptoms (NMS) are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD), affecting up to 90% of patients during their illness. They may appear at early pre-symptomatic stage of the disease as well as throughout the disease course of illness. Motor symptoms decrease the quality of life in patients of Parkinson’s disease. At the same timeNon-motor symptoms (NMSs) are also a burden in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Herein we reviewed the impact of common Non-motor symptoms (NMSs) on quality of life (QOL) for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Aim of the study:

The aim of this study was to see the effect of nonmotor symptoms with Quality of life in Parkinson’s disease.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was undertaken in Department of Neurology, BMU, patients were selected by non-randomized purposive sampling methodwere recruited. Study subjects were taken from movement Disorder Clinic, Inpatient and Outpatient Department of Neurology, BMU accordingto inclusion and exclusion criteria. Duration of study was October 2019 to September 2020. A total of 76 patients diagnosed as idiopathic Parkinson's disease with Non Motor symptoms was taken as study population. Detailed history, physical examination, previous medical were records. Quality of life was calculated by Validated Bengali version of WHOQOL-BREF and non-motor symptoms (NMSs) by the 30-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-30). Statistical analysis was done by SPSS method. The aims and objectives of the study along with its procedures, risks and benefits was explained to each respondent in easily understandable local language and informed written consent were taken.

Result:

Among the study population (65%) above 50 years of age and below 50 years of age was (35%). Maximum patients were stage 2 to 3(57%) according to Hoehn and Yahr staging system. NMSs were found in almost 100% of the study population. The most common NMSs werefeeling of nervousness (78%), fatigue or lack of energy limit the patient day time (78%), difficulties in falling sleep (75%), dizziness (68%), mood/cognition (67%), forgetfulness (59%), pain perception (57%), alter sex interest (49%), constipation (38%), difficulty swallow (20%) and excessive sweating (18%). Positve significant correlation was found between Hoehn and Yahr stage (score) and Total Score Domain 1 to Domain 9. Positve significant correlation was found between diseases duration of the patients vs Domain 2: Sleep/ fatigues, Domain 5: Attention/memory and Domain 6 Gastrointestinaltract. Positve significant correlation was found between Domain 1: Cardiovascular including falls and Domain 2: Sleep/fatigues and Domain 3: Mood/cognition Positve significant correltion was found between Domain 4: Perceptual problem and Domain 5: Attention/memory. Positve significant correltion was found between Domain 5: Attention/memory and Domain 6: Gastrointestinal tract.

Conclusion:

The present study was intended to see the impact of non-motor symptoms on quality of life of patients with Parkinson’s disease. This study will help to manage Non-motor symptoms (NMSs) of Parkinson’s disease and thereby improve Quality of life.