Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Family Planning among Urban Residents in Bayelsa State, Nigeria: Identifying Barriers and Facilitators for Improved Reproductive Health

Author(s): Ebiakpor Bainkpo Agbedi, Mordecai Oweibia

Background: Family planning was a critical aspect of reproductive health, significantly influencing maternal and child health outcomes. In Bayelsa State, Nigeria, urban residents faced unique barriers and facilitators in accessing family planning services, shaped by demographic, sociocultural, and economic factors.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of family planning among urban dwellers in Bayelsa State and to identify the barriers and facilitators influencing reproductive health outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to 482 urban residents across eight local government areas in Bayelsa State. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests and logistic regression, to assess associations between demographic variables and family planning knowledge and utilization.

Results: The findings revealed significant gaps in knowledge about family planning methods, particularly among younger and unmarried individuals. Positive attitudes towards family planning were observed, with 81% of respondents expressing favourable views. However, barriers such as lack of information, financial constraints, and sociocultural stigma were prevalent. Logistic regression indicated that marital status, awareness of family planning methods, and perceived benefits were significant predictors of service utilization.

Conclusion: The study highlighted the need for targeted educational interventions and community engagement strategies to enhance awareness and acceptance of family planning among urban residents in Bayelsa State. Addressing identified barriers while leveraging facilitators was essential for improving reproductive health outcomes and achieving broader public health goals.