Seroepidemiological Investigation of Antigen and Antibody for the Detection of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in a Rural Area of Nepal

Author(s): Suresh Jaiswal, Bishnu Raj Tiwari, Ashok Kumar Sah, Dinesh C Sharma

Abstract

Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is now recognized as a worldwide problem. The objective of the study was to investigate the seroprevalence of H. pylori infection and factors associated in a rural area of Nepal.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 individuals based on cluster sampling of residential location in Province 2, Nepal. H. pylori infection status was determined by serology test on stool and blood samples for antigen and antibody. A questionnaire was filled out and written consent was taken. Data were analyzed using chi- square test and P- value (≤ 0.05) were considered statistically significant.

Results: Out of 120 participants 57(47.5%) and 63(52.5%) were female and male respectively. Similarly 5.8% were less than 20 years of age 49.2% were 20 to 40 age and 45% were more than 40 years age. Significant association was seen with occupation P=0.023 with antigen and P=0.042 with antibody result, consumption of water P=0.04 with antigen and P=0.005 with antibody, with onion and garlic P=0.032, consumption fried food P=0.024 and consumption and spicy food consumption P=0.050 with antigen, with onion and garlic P=0.027, consumption of fried food P=0.024 and consumption of spicy food P=0.050 with antibody positive result showed significant association.

Conclusions: The result of our research suggests the periodic screening and checkup of the patients in order to detect the infecting agent among the rural areas patient and effective treatment is required.