Prevalence of Hepatitis B Infection Found Incidentally During Routine Blood Investigation in North Indian Population

Author(s): Jaya Singh, Shruti Singh, Shaleen Chandra

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common public health issues worldwide that requires a critical consideration. Knowing the prevalence of HBV infection in a geographical area aids in ascertaining the extent of the fatal infection. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity is a strong indicator of true HBV infection rate in the community. The current study aims to estimate the prevalence of HBsAg in teaching hospital-based population. Large number of patients from diverse backdrop visit our institution, and hence assist in obtaining a precise representation of the viral prevalence in the community.

Methods: A one step rapid immunochromatographic method for detection of HBsAg was performed to diagnose HBV infection in 11,792 serum samples tested over a period of two years were included in this study.

Result: Out of the 11,792 samples tested for HBsAg, 100 (0.85%) were found to be positive for HBsAg. Rate of positivity was more among males 77 (77%) than females 23 (23%) and the most common age group in males was 31-40 years (21%) and in females, commonest age group was 21-30 years (31%).

Conclusion: The study helps to know the magnitude of viral transmissible infections in North Indian population. In our study the most commonly affected population belonged to the second and third decade. This raises an alarm for more precaution as the presentation is seen in young age group. Rigorous and effective immunization programs need to be implemented and awareness-based campaigns might help in curbing the viral infectivity.