A Cross-sectional Study on Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions done in Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern District of Odisha

Author(s): Priti Pratyasha, D Shobha Malini, Sasmita Kumari, Amita Patnaik, Sarojini Kesh, Durga Madhab, Sithal Dalai

Introduction: Malnutrition remains a major public health issue, particularly among children under five, with over 5 million deaths annually. In India, 48% of children are underweight, surpassing rates in neighbouring countries. Programs like the Integrated Child Development Scheme and Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs) aim to address this. This study evaluates an NRC in Odisha, focusing on care quality for children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM), caregiver knowledge, and service provider feedback.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at an NRC over two months, focusing on children under 60 months with SAM. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews.

Results: Bed occupancy rates were 87% in September and 83% in October 2023, with evident staff shortages. Despite perfect food preparation scores, hygiene gaps (e.g., lack of handwashing facilities) were noted. 97% of patients showed recovery, with an average weight gain of 11±6 g/kg/day. However, only 8% of mothers received post-discharge family planning advice.

Conclusion: While the NRC showed positive treatment outcomes, issues like staff shortages, hygiene gaps, and insufficient maternal education need addressing. Targeted improvements in staffing, hygiene, and education are critical for better care and outcomes.